Associations of all-cause mortality with admission blood pressure variability during multiple hospitalizations in acute decompensated heart failure / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate whether admission blood pressure (BP) variability during multiple hospitalizations is associated with all-cause mortality independent of baseline BP in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods: Patients with ADHF admitted to the Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from September 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. The risk of all-cause mortality associated with indices of BP variability, including mean admission BPs, standard deviation of BP and coefficient of variation of BP during multiple hospitalizations was assessed, using Cox regression model. Results: A total of 1 006 ADHF patients (mean aged (69.3±13.5) years; 411 (40.8%) female; 670 (66.6%) with preserved ejection fraction) were enrolled. During a median follow-up of 1.54 years, 47.0% of patients died. In all ADHF patients, after adjusting for confounding factors, for every 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in SD and coefficient of variation (CV) of systolic BP, the risk of all-cause mortality increased by 10% and 11%, respectively (SD: HR, 1.10, 95%CI, 1.01-1.21, P=0.029, CV: HR, 1.11, 95%CI, 1.02-1.21, P=0.017); for every 1-SD increase in the mean of diastolic BP, the risk of all cause mortality decreased by 25% (HR, 0.75; 95%CI, 0.65-0.87; P<0.001). In ADHF patients with preserved ejection fraction, after accounted for potential confounders, higher SD and CV of admitted systolic and diastolic BP were significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, regardless of whether confounding factors were adjusted (P≤0.049); After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of all-cause mortality increased by 18% and 19% for every 1-SD increase in SD and CV of systolic BP, while the risk of all-cause mortality increased by 11% and 15% for every 1-SD increase in SD and CV of diastolic BP. In ADHF patients with reduced ejection fraction, after adjusting for confounding factors, the higher the mean admission systolic BP during multiple hospitalizations, the lower the risk of total mortality (HR, 0.68; 95%CI, 0.47-1.00; P=0.049). Conclusions: In patients with ADHF, independent of baseline BP, BP variability during multiple hospitalizations was strong predictor of all-cause mortality.

Characteristics of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA in children with primary infection / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To explore the characteristics of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in primary infection in pediatric cases. Methods: The laboratory and clinical data of 571 children diagnosed with EBV primary infection in Children's Hospital of Fudan University during September 1st, 2017 to September 30th, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of plasma EBV DNA, they were divided into positive group and negative group. According to the EBV DNA, they were devided into high plasma virol load group and low plasma virol load group. The Chi-square test, Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences between groups. Results: Among the 571 children with EBV primary infection, 334 were males and 237 were females. The age of first diagnosis was 3.8 (2.2, 5.7) years. There were 255 cases in positive group and 316 cases in negative group. The percentage of cases with fever,hepatomegaly and (or) splenomegaly, elevated transaminase in the positive group were higher than those in the negative group (235 cases (92.2%) vs. 255 cases (80.7%), χ2=15.22, P<0.001; 169 cases (66.3%) vs. 85 cases (26.9%), χ2=96.80, P<0.001; and 144 cases (56.5%) vs. 120 cases (38.0%), χ2=18.27, P<0.001; respectively).In the positive group, 70 cases were followed up for 46 (27, 106) days, 68 cases (97.1%) turned negative within 28 days, with the exception of 2 cases (2.9%) developed chronic active EBV infection by follow-up revision.There were 218 cases in high plasma viral DNA copies group and 37 cases in low copies group. More cases presented with elevated transaminases in the high plasma viral DNA copies group than those in the low group (75.7% (28/37) vs. 56.0%(116/207), χ2=5.00, P=0.025).Both the positive rate of EBV DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes (84.2% (266/316) vs. 44.7% (255/571), χ2=76.26, P<0.001) and the copies of EBV DNA (7.0×107 (1.3×107, 3.0×108) vs. 3.1×106 (1.6×106, 6.1×106) copies /L, Z=15.23, P<0.001) were higher than that of plasma. Conclusions: In immunocompetent pediatric cases diagnosed as EBV primary infection, cases with positive plasma EBV DNA were prone to have fever, hepatomegaly and (or) splenomegaly, and elevated transaminase than those with negative plasma viral DNA. The plasma EBV DNA usually turns negative within 28 days after initial diagnosis.Most cases with high viral load in plasma showed elevated aminotransferase.

Effect of Laptm4b Deletion on Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Homeostasis in Mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane-4 Beta(Laptm4b) deletion on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) homeostasis in mice.@*METHODS@#The hematopoietic system specific Laptm4b-deficient mice were constructed. The number and proportion of HSPCs (LSK, LT, ST, MPP, etc) in Laptm4b-deficient mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Single SLAM-HSC cell was sorted by flow sorter and cultured in vitro to measure the effect of Laptm4b deletion on the colony forming ability of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The effect of Laptm4b-deficient on the reconstitution ability of HSCs in mice was detected by competitive transplantation experiment of SLAM-HSC cells.@*RESULTS@#Laptm4b deficiency could moderately upregulate the proportion of T cells in the peripheral blood of the mice, but showed no significant effect on the proportion and number of HSPCs. Laptm4b deletion showed no effect on the reconstruction ability of HSCs after competitive transplantation, but it could inhibit the colony formation of HSCs in vitro.@*CONCLUSION@#LAPTM4B may play a role in HSCs under the proliferation stress. Laptm4b-deficient in mice hematopoietic system showed no significant effect on the HSPCs homeostasis maintenance and reconstruction ability.

Analysis of Effect of Realgar with Different Compatibility Proportions on Transitional Constituents of Indigo Naturalis in Rat Serum Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different dose of Realgar compatible with Indigo Naturalis on the transitional constituents of Indigo Naturalis in rat serum based on the compatibility of Qinghuangsan.Method:Indigo Naturalis test solution, the drug-containing serum of three different proportions of Qinghuangsan (10 g of Indigo Naturalis compatible with 52.5, 105, 210 mg of Realgar for group A, B and C, respectively) and blank serum were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, in combination with the chemical components identified in Indigo Naturalis test solution, the differences of transitional constituents of Indigo Naturalis in rat serum from the group A, B and C were analyzed. HL-60 cells (human leukemia cells) were treated with the three groups of Qinghuangsan drug-containing serum and the effect of drug-containing serum on the activity of HL-60 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.Result:A total of 19, 22, 25 of transitional constituents were detected in Qinghuangsan drug-containing serum from group A, B and C, respectively. The three groups of drug-containing serum all contained 5 prototype components from Indigo Naturalis test solution, including tryptanthrin, indigo, indirubin, 2-aminobenzoic acid and N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, respectively. The results of CCK-8 assay showed that Qinghuangsan drug-containing serum of group C had the strongest inhibitory effect on HL-60 cells.Conclusion:After fixed Indigo Naturalis dose, with the increase of Realgar dose, the transitional constituents in rat serum increase and the inhibitory effect on HL-60 cells also gradually enhances, which indicates that Realgar may promote the absorption of active components in Indigo Naturali in vivo, thus enhance the efficacy, further explains the compatibility law and pharmacodynamic material basis of different proportions of Realgar and Indigo Naturalis.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Automatic Diatom Identification System in Practical Cases / 法医学杂志

Objective To discuss the application of artificial intelligence automatic diatom identification system in practical cases, to provide reference for quantitative diatom analysis using the system and to validate the deep learning model incorporated into the system. Methods Organs from 10 corpses in water were collected and digested with diatom nitric acid; then the smears were digitally scanned using a digital slide scanner and the diatoms were tested qualitatively and quantitatively by artificial intelligence automatic diatom identification system. Results The area under the curve （AUC） of the receiver operator characteristic （ROC） curve of the deep learning model incorporated into the artificial intelligence automatic diatom identification system, reached 98.22% and the precision of diatom identification reached 92.45%. Conclusion The artificial intelligence automatic diatom identification system is able to automatically identify diatoms, and can be used as an auxiliary tool in diatom testing in practical cases, to provide reference to drowning diagnosis.

Relationship between Postmortem Interval and FTIR Spectroscopy Changes of the Rat Skin / 法医学杂志

Objective To infer postmortem interval （PMI） based on spectral changes of the dorsal skin of rats within 15 days postmortem using Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. Methods The rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation after anesthesia, and then placed at 25 ℃ and relative humidity of 50%. The FTIR spectral data collected from the dorsal skin at PMI points were modeled with machine learning technique. Results There was no significant difference of absorption peak location among all the PMI groups but their peak intensities changed as a function of PMIs. The model for PMI estimation was constructed using partial least squares （PLS） regression, reaching a R2 of 0.92 and a root mean square error （RMSE） of 1.30 d. As shown in variable importance for projection （VIP）, four spectral bands including 1 760-1 700 cm-1, 1 660-1 640 cm-1, 1 580-1 540 cm-1 and 1 460-1 420 cm-1 were determined as important contributions to model prediction. Conclusion Application of the FTIR technique to detect postmortem spectral changes of the rat skin provides a novel proposal for PMI estimation.

Metabolomic screening for diagnostic biomarkers of drug-induced chronic liver injury related cirrhosis / 药学学报

About 15%-20% of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) will progress to chronic manifestation (CH-DILI), which sometimes advances rapidly to liver cirrhosis (LC-DILI) within 0.5-1 year with deteriorative clinical prognosis. Therefore, it is important to find a non-invasive diagnosis for early detection of liver cirrhosis. In this study, the metabolomic profiles revealed significant differences in the metabolites from the plasma of LC-DILI versus CH-DILI. We found 35 differential metabolites through principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Through pathway enrichment analysis, some up-regulated metabolic pathways reflected impaired liver functions such as bile acid, lipid synthesis and decomposition during cirrhosis. Five biomarkers were found to exhibit effective diagnosis value (AUC > 0.6), including phosphatidylcholine, lysoPC (18:1 (9Z)), creatine, taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid. Furthermore, we found that the relative content ratio between phosphatidylcholine and lysoPC (18:1 (9Z)) had a better distinguishing ability (AUC = 0.867). The relative content ratio also had the feature to reduce systematic errors of sample processing and instrument detection, therefore having a greater value for clinical application.

Effect of Biling Qutong Prescription on SIRT3 Protein Expression and URAT1 mRNA in Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Gout Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of phlegm and blood stasis on the expressions of sirtuin 3(SIRT3)protein and urate transporter 1(URAT1) mRNA in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats with gout. Method: The 40 healthy rats, excepting the normal group, the remaining groups were fed with high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin solution (40 mg·kg-1) once a day, with blood glucose "16.7 mmol·L-1" as the criterion for the diabetes model. After 4 days, the 5% sodium urate solution was injected into the joint cavity once to induce the gout model. After the successful modeling, the Biling group (10 g·kg-1), the indomethacin group (5 mg·kg-1) and the pioglitazone group (10 mg·kg-1) continued to be administered for 21 days. The normal group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline. The expression of SIRT3 protein in skeletal muscle tissue was determined by Western blot, URAT1 mRNA expression in bone tissue was detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR),and blood was collected to measure blood glucose (GLU), blood uric acid (UA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Result: Compared with the normal group, GLU, UA and CRP in the model group were significantly increased (PPPPPPPPConclusion: Biling Qutong prescription with effects in purging turbidity, detoxifying and dredging collaterals can significantly reduce the content of serum inflammatory factor CRP, significantly increase the protein expression of SIRT3 in skeletal muscle tissue of model rats, lower the content of URAT1 mRNA, reduce the blood glucose and blood uric acid levels in diabetic gout rats, and protect joints.

Study on flavonoids from green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica. Methods: The chemical constituents from the green walnut husks of J. mandshurica were isolated and purified by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and ODS column chromatography, and their structures were identified by NMR spectral analysis. Results: A total of 14 compounds were isolated from the green walnut husks of J. mandshurica, and identified as apigenin (1), tricin (2), eupatilin (3), 3,7,8,3’-tetrahydroxy-4’-methoxyflavone (4), 3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3’,4-methylenedioxyflavone (5), taxifolin (6), quercetin-3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (7), quercetin-3-O-(4″-O-acetyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), engeletin (9), isoengeletin (10), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (12), quercetin-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (13), and myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (14). Conclusion: Compounds 1-10, 12, and 14 are isolated from the green walnut husks of J. mandshurica for the first time.

Effect of miR-145 on Migration and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the effect of miR-145 on migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.Methods The effect of miR-145 overexpression on the expression levels of miR-145 and zeb-2 were detected with qRT-PCR and Western blotting.The changes of migration and invasion were examined using Transwell assay.Target genes of miR-145 were predicted by bioinformatics software.Dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to verify zeb-2 as a direct target of miR-145.zeb-2 siRNA was transiently transfected in SKOV3 and 3AO cells,Transwell was used to examine migration and invasion abilities.Results The migration and proliferation of SKOV3(=10.752,=0.000;=5.617,=0.005)and 3AO cells(=10.111,=0.001;=21.746,=0.000)decreased significantly after overexpression of miR-145.The results of dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that the relative luciferase activity of co-transfected miR-145 mimic and WT 3'UTR expression vectors was significantly lower than that of co-transfected mimic control and WT 3'UTR expression vectors(SKOV3:=4.572,=0.010;3AO:=3.528,=0.024).There was no significant difference in relative luciferase activity between co-transfected miR-145 mimic/MUT 3'UTR expression vector cells and co-transfected mimic control/MUT 3'UTR expression vector cells(SKOV3:=0.227,=0.831;3AO:=0.040,=0.970).Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the zeb-2 expressions in SKOV3(=1.490,=0.211)and 3AO cells(=0.114,=0.914)were not significantly different from negative control after 48 h of miR-145 overexpression.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of zeb-2 protein in SKOV3(=3.769,=0.020)and 3AO cells(=4.452,=0.011)decreased significantly compared with negative control after 72 h of miR-145 overexpression.Seventy-two hours after transfection of zeb-2 siRNA,Western blotting showed that the expression of zeb-2 protein in SKOV3(=4.660,=0.010)and 3AO cells(=4.594,=0.010)was significantly down-regulated.Transwell assay showed that the migration and invasion abilities of SKOV3(=18.655,=0.000;=18.026,=0.000)and 3AO cells(=5.500,=0.005;=8.780,=0.001)were significantly decreased.Conclusion miR-145 may inhibit the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by targeting zeb-2.

Metabolomic study on the hepatotoxic or hepatoprotective effects of rhubarb to normal or hepatic fibrosis rats / 药学学报

Focusing on the TCM-related adverse drug reactions, especially those conventionally non-toxic TCM induced hepatotoxicity, this paper has proposed and established the disease-syndrome-based toxicology evaluation pattern and approach for TCM, not only the normal rats, but the hepatic fibrosis model rat were studied hepatotoxic or hepatoprotective effects of rhubarb, meanwhile liver histopathology changes by histological tests such as HE and TUNEL staining. The metabolomics analysis method will be employed to screen the key metabolites and possible metabolic pathway of the dual effects of rhubarb in rats. The results showed that rhubarb could result in significant liver injury in normal rats, indicated by the elevation of plasma serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities (P L-arginine, creatine, L-valine, retinyl ester, and prostaglandin F2α were confirmed by multivariate statistical analysis and metabolic pathways enrichment analysis linked to six metabolic pathways, including taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis. In summary, the results suggested the dual effects of rhubarb screened by taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis and arginine and proline metabolism may be the key metabolic pathway related to You Gu Wu Yun phenomenon of rhubarb. This study will provide new vision and illustration of scientific evidences for the hepatotoxicity assessment and rational use of those drugs containing anthraquinones.

Chemical constituents of n-butanol fraction from green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the n-butanol part which extracted from green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica with antitumor activity. Methods The chemical constituents from 95% EtOH extract of green walnut husks of J. mandshurica at room temperature were isolated and prepared by silica gel column, reversed-phase ODS, and pre-HPLC after n-butanol extraction, and their structures were elucidated by a variety of spectral and spectroscopic techniques. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as 4-hydroxy-4-(3’-hydroxyphenol) butanoic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ethyl ester (1), 4-hydroxy- 4-(3’-hydroxyphenyl) butyric acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside methyl ester (2), 1,4,8-trihydroxynaphthalene-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 1,4,8-trihydroxy-3-naphthoic acid ethyl ester-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), (4S)-4,5,8-trihydroxy-α-tetralone-4-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (5), (4S)-4,5,8-trihydroxy-α-tetralone-5-O-β-D-[6’-O-(3″,4″,5″-trihydroxybenzoyl)] glucopyranoside (6), (4S)-4- hydroxy-α-tetralone-4-O-β-D-(6’-O-4’’-hydroxylbenzoyl)-glucopyranoside (7), and (4S)-4,5-dihydroxy-α-tetralone-4-O-β-D-(6’-O- 4’’-hydroxylbenzoyl)-glucopyranoside (8). Conclusion Compound 1 named juglanoside P and compound 2 namded juglanoside Q are both new compounds.

Expression of sSema4D in the serum of mice with osteoporosis / 医学研究生学报

Objective Sema4D, as the earliest known immunosuppressive agent, may be involved in the development and progression of osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sSema4D and osteoporosis.Methods The model of osteoporosis was established in 50 three-month-old C57 mice by gavage of 0.9% retinoic acid and another 50 mice were taken as controls, which received gavage of 0.9% sodium chloride, all at 90 mL/kg for 21 days. Micro-CT scanning of the proximal tibial metaphysis bone tissue 3D reconstruction were performed for observation of the structure, shape, arrangement, direction and number of the trabeculae. The CT values of the area of interest in the proximal tibia metaphysis were determined and the trabecular parameters were obtained with the Inveon Research WorkPlace software. The pathological changes of the bone collagen fibers in the femur and tibia were observed by Van Gieson staining, and the level of serum sSema4D was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the controls, the osteoporosis model mice showed significant decreases in the trabecular number (7.0 mm vs 5.8 mm, P<0.05), thickness (0.08 mm vs 0.06 mm, P<0.05) and volume fraction (0.5% vs 0.3%, P<0.01), but a marked increase in the trabecular separation (\[0.54±0.12\] mm vs \[0.69±0.13\] mm, P<0.05). Van Gieson staining manifested scarce collagen fibers in the osteoporosis model mice, loosely and disorderly arranged, some poorly connected, dissolved and fractured, with the marrow cavity increased. The level of serum sSema4D was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than in the control (P<0.01).Conclusion Serum sSema4D may contribute to the incidence of osteoporosis.

Choroidal thickness changes in macular area and facular area of patients with diabetic retinopathy after panretinal photocoagulation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the choroidal thickness changes in macular area and facular area of patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR) after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). METHODS: Totally 40 cases (78 eyes) of DR patients with PRP in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) was conducted for preoperative and postoperative choroidal thickness in macular area and facular area. RESULTS: At 1mo after PRP, the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), nasal choroidal thickness (NCT), the temporal choroidal thickness (TCT), superior choroidal thickness (SCT),inferior choroidal thickness(ICT) were sharply higher than those before operation, the difference was statistically significant(t=2.016,t=2 017, t=2.001, t=2.264, t=2.229;P<0.05). SFCT,NCT,TCT, SCT and ICT at postoperative 3mo sharply decreased when compared to those before operation, showing statistical significance (t=2.048, t=2.051, t=2.092, t=2 010, t=2.273; P<0.05). Postoperative baseline level average choroidal thickness in facular area of 227. 6士44 9μ m was evidently higher than that at postoperative 1mo (207.1士41.6μ m),the difference had statistical points (t=2.118, P<0.05). The mean thickness at postoperative 3mo (206. 5士41. 3μ m) was apparently lower than the baseline level mean choroidal thickness 227.6士44.9μ m, the difference showed statistical significance(t=2.188,P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The choroid thickness at macular region rises obviously for short term after PRP, while that in facula area reduces markedly, which shows choroidal blood flow redistribution after operation.

Anti-cancer Effects of a Novel Quinoline Derivative 83b1 on Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Down-Regulation of COX-2 mRNA and PGE₂ / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: 83b1 is a novel quinoline derivative that has been shown to inhibit cancer growth in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 83b1 on a series of ESCC cell lines and investigate the mechanisms by which 83b1 suppresses cancer growth based on molecular docking analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of ESCC and nontumor immortalized cell lines were exposed to 83b1 and cisplatin (CDDP) in a dose-dependent manner, and the cytotoxicity was examined by a MTS assay kit. Prediction of the molecular targets of 83b1 was conducted by molecular docking analysis. Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) mRNA and COX-2–derived prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzymelinked immuno-sorbent assay, respectively. In vivo anti-tumor effect was determined using a nude mice xenografted model transplanted with an ESCC cell line, KYSE-450. RESULTS: 83b1 showed the significant anti-cancer effects on all ESCC cell lines compared to CDDP; however, 83b1 revealed much lower toxic effects on non-tumor cell lines than CDDP. The predicted molecular target of 83b1 is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ), which is a widely known oncoprotein. Additionally the expression of COX-2 mRNA and COX-2–derived PGE2 were down-regulated by 83b1 in a dose-dependent manner in ESCC cell lines. Furthermore, 83b1 was shown to significantly reduce the tumor size in nude mice xenograft. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the potential anti-cancer effects of 83b1 on human esophageal cancers occur through the possible oncotarget, PPARδ, and down-regulation of the cancer related genes and molecules.

Studies on anti-tumor chemical constituents in exocarps of Juglans mandshurica / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the exocarps of Juglans mandshurica which was an anti-tumor herb. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated from the EtOAc and CHCl3 extracts by solvent extraction, repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral data analysis. Results: Thirteen compounds were identified as 4(R)-ethoxy-8- hydroxy-α-tetralone (1), 4(R)-regiolone (2), ethyl gallate (3), Methyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (4), 8-hydroxyl anthraquinone-1- carboxylic acid (5), 4(R),5-dihydroxy-α-tetralone (6), myricanol (7), Juglanin B (8), 5-deoxymyricanone (9), 5-hydroxy-1- (4'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methoxyphenyl)-3-heptanone (10), broussonol E (11), Kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (12), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (13). Conclusion: Compounds 3-5, 7, and 9-13 are isolated from the exocarps of J. mandshurica for the first time, and the prenylated flavonoids were firstly reported in this genus.

Chemical constituents from active fraction in pericarps of Juglans mandshurica / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the effective fraction in pericarps of Juglans mandshurica. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS analyses. Results: Fifteen compounds were obtained and identified as kaempferol (1), oleanolic acid (2), chrysophanol (3), pinostrobin (4), (2S)-onysilin (5), juglanin B (6), (S)-regiolone (7), chlorogenic acid (8), (4S)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone (9), (4S, 5S, 7R, 8R, 14R)-8, 11-dihydroxy-2, 4-cyclo-eudesmane (10), 5-hydroxy-3, 7, 3', 4'-tetramethoxyflavone (11), (2S)-5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-dihydroflavonol (12), p-hydroxybenzonic acid (13), p-methoxyphenylacetic acid (14), and 1, 4-dihydroxybenzene (15). Conclusion: Compounds 8-15 are first isolated from the pericarps of J. mandshurica and compounds 11, 12, 14, and 15 are obtained from the plants of Juglans L. for the first time.

Investigation of mean glandular dose in diagnostic mammography in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

A survey of 420 exposures of mammography was performed with the parameters recorded. Entrance skin air kerma (ESAK) was measured and the mean glandular dose (MGD) was calculated according to the Dance's formula. Correlation analysis showed that several factors could affect the MGD level. Mann-whitney test and Non-parametric ANOVA analyses were used to compare the MGD level grouped by view type and radiographic systems. No significant difference was found in MGD between the craniocaudal (CC) group and the mediolateral oblique (MLO) group. The MGD level was higher in the CR group than in the other two groups. MGD was positively correlated with the compressed breast thickness (CBT). MGD varied with the half value layer (HVL) and increased first then decreased. The mean MGD level in China is about 1.6 mGy and is lower than the guidance level in the International Basic Safety Standards (IBSS).

Study on the plasma protein binding rate of Schisandra lignans based on the LC-IT-TOF/MS technique with relative quantitative analysis / 中国天然药物

The main objective of the current study was to develop a universal method for a protein binding assay of complicated herbal components, and to investigate the possible relationship between compound polarity and protein binding using Schisadra lignans as an example. Firstly, the rat, dog and human plasma were spiked with three different concentrations of Schisandra chinensis extract (SLE), and ultramicrofiltration was used to obtain the unbound ingredients. Secondly, thirty-one Schisandra lignans in total plasma and ultrafiltered fluid were measured by LC-IT-TOFMS. Lastly, a relative exposure approach, which entailed calculating the relative concentrations of each Schisandra lignan from the corresponding calibration equation created from the calibration samples spiked with the stock solution of SLE, was applied in order to overcome the absence of authentic standards. The results showed that Schisandra lignans exhibited a high capability to bind with plasma protein, furthermore, the protein binding ratio of the lignan components increased proportionally with their individual chromatographic retention time, which indicated that the ratio of protein binding of lignans might increase accordingly with decreasing polarity. This study suggested that the compound polarity might be an important factor affecting the plasma protein binding of herbal components.

Inhibitory effect of botulinum toxin type a on sp-induced rat smooth muscle contractility of gastric body and gastric fundus in vitro / 第二军医大学学报

Objective Toobserve the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on the SP-induced smooth muscle contractility of gastric body and gastric fundus, so as to investigate the role of BTX-A in the binding between SP and NKi receptor. Methods Muscle strips were prepared from gastric body and gastric fundus and were randomly divided into control group, SP group, SP+APTL-SP (NKi receptor antagonist) group, BTX-A group, BTX-A+SP group, and SP+BTX-A group. The contractility data were recorded by physiological experimental system of Biolap420E. Results SP significantly enhanced the tension and amplitude of gastric body contractility and the tension of gastric fundus contractility (P<0. 01). APTL-SP signficantly inhibited SP-induced smooth muscle contractility tension m gastric body and gastric fundus (P<0. 01). BTX-A significantly mhibited the smooth muscle contractility amplitude in gastric body and gastric fundus (P<0. 01). BTX-A significantly inhibited SP-induced smooth muscle contractility, including the tension (P<0. 05, 0. 01) and amplitude (P<0. 01) in the gastric body and gastric fundus. After BTX-A treatment, SP did not enhance the smooth muscle contractility of the gastic body and gastric fundus in vitro. Conclusion SP can enhance the spontaneous contractility of smooth muscle in the gastric body and gastric fundus; BTX-A can inhibitSP-induced smooth muscle contractility of both gastric body and gastric fundus.